Sodium Benzoate

Also known as: Benzoic Acid (related), E211

Moderate ConcernpreservativeEWG: 3-5

A preservative that in the presence of Vitamin C can form benzene — a known carcinogen.

How it works

Sodium benzoate is the sodium salt of benzoic acid, inhibiting microbial growth at acidic pH. It is widely used in foods and cosmetics. The safety concern is its reaction with ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) in the presence of transition metal ions to form trace amounts of benzene. This is primarily a concern in products that contain both ingredients.

Concentration note

Maximum 0.5% EU in cosmetics.

Avoid if

Products also containing Vitamin C

Commonly found in

TonersWipesWater-based serumsHair products

⚠️ Avoid combining with

L-Ascorbic Acid

Safety & restrictions

When combined with ascorbic acid and trace metal ions, can form trace benzene (a carcinogen). Low but real concern. Best avoided in formulas containing Vitamin C.

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For informational purposes only. Not medical advice. Consult a dermatologist for personalised guidance.