Kojic Acid

Also known as: 5-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-gamma-pyrone

Low ConcernactiveEWG: 3-5

A fungal-derived melanin inhibitor that lightens dark spots and brightens skin tone.

How it works

Kojic acid is produced by fungi during sake fermentation and inhibits tyrosinase by chelating the copper ions required for enzyme activity. It is an effective brightening agent but can cause sensitisation in some individuals. The EU restricts it to 1% in leave-on products and requires manufacturers to assess safety for higher concentrations.

Concentration note

1% in EU leave-on products (max). Higher concentrations in rinse-off or under dermatologist supervision.

Best for

HyperpigmentationDark spotsBrighteningSun damage

Avoid if

Sensitive skin (potential sensitiser)Eczema-prone skin

Commonly found in

Brightening serumsDark spot creamsToners

✅ Pairs well with

Niacinamide Hyaluronic Acid

⚠️ Avoid combining with

Glycolic Acid L-Ascorbic Acid

Safety & restrictions

Can cause contact dermatitis and sensitisation with repeated use. EU concentration restrictions apply. Not recommended for sensitive or eczema-prone skin.

Restricted / banned in:EU (restricted to 1% in leave-on products)

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For informational purposes only. Not medical advice. Consult a dermatologist for personalised guidance.